Unit 1 1
Pressure and Mental H H ealth
Lead- - in Activities
T T opics for Discussion 1. What do you do for a living? Do you feel satisfied with your work performance? 2. How many hours do you have to work for a day? What about a week? 3. How many hours did you spend with your family last week? 4. Do you feel depressed when you have to work extra time? 5. How do you balance your work and personal life?
Self- -S S coring S S tress Q Q uestionnaire HOW STRESSED ARE YOU? In some way, pressure can help you excel at work. But too much stress makes you ineffective, and at worst physically ill. So how will you cope with stress, and how stressed are you already? Find out whether you are suffering from certain level of stress with this short questionnaire. Simply choose the option that best fits your feelings about each statement.
[ [ How likely am I to suffer stress? ] ] 1) I am not in control of the success or failure I make of my life.
工作压力又称“职业应激”(occupational stress), 是由工作或与工作直接有关的因素造成的。现代社会中，工作紧张、竞争激烈、社会变迁快速，使职场人士感受到不同程度的压力。适度的压力能使人挑战自我，挖掘潜力，激起创造性，而不良的压力，不管其来源是什么，对个体的影响都是严重的。工作压力会引起焦虑、沮丧、发怒等情绪反应，也会造成各种生理方面的疾病，如癌症，心血管疾病、糖尿病等等。世界卫生组织称工作压力是“世界范围的流行病”。
调查发现，科技进步所形成的资讯饱和、全球化的速度、机能失调的办公室政治、工作过量和工作不稳定是导致工作压力的主要因素。超过七成的职场人士表示，工作中的压力已导致有抑郁倾向。压力带来的职场心理问题已成为现代职场中的普遍现象，应引起社会广泛关注，并采取积极措施应对。
1. I strongly disagree.
2. To some extent
3. I strongly agree.
2) I accept that my work has and will change and welcome the opportunities this gives me. 1. I strongly agree.
2. To some extent
3. I strongly disagree.
3) I have someone who I can confide in. 1. I can be totally honest with that person/those people.
2. I have to be careful with what I say to that person/those people.
3. I have no-one to confide in.
4) If there"s a disagreement about work, I yield to other people"s judgment and abilities.
1. Rarely
2. Sometimes
3. Most of the time
5) If a project that I am working on fails, __________.
1. I learn from the experience and move on to the next job.
2. I tend to think over the failure for a long time.
3. I blame myself whether it was my fault or not.
[ [ How stressed am I? ] ] 6) I spend so long at work that my family relationships are suffering. 1. Not at all
2. Sometimes
3. Most of the time
7) I"m so busy that I find it increasingly difficult to concentrate on the job in front of me. 1. Rarely
2. Sometimes
3. Most of the time
8) I always get a good night"s sleep without worrying about work
1. Most of the time
2. Sometimes
3. Rarely
9) Recently I"ve found it more difficult to control my emotions. 1. Not at all
2. Sometimes
3. Most of the time
10) I feel tired during the day. 1. Very rarely
2. Sometimes
3. Most of the time
Analyzing your score:Add up the numbers next to the statements you most agreed with for the first five questions, then do the same for the second five. The higher you score in the first half the more likely you are to suffer stress; the higher you score in the second half, the more stressed you feel. Scores over 10 in either half suggest that you are either likely to experience stress or are feeling stressed at the moment.
Text A
A Story Abo ut Stress
Are you tired, overloaded and stressed? If so, you are not alone — it"s a North American epidemic. If you"d like to learn how to gain back control of your life and enjoy your workday, this article will help you.
Barry trips over his kids" toys on the way out of the door, yells at his wife, and sits in a traffic jam on his way to work. When he arrives at his office, muscles tensed, he stares at his computer and prepares to answer the 42 e-mails he has so far.
In addition, there"s a mountain of work to be done; that means he"ll have to skip lunch and dinner — again, and with numerous cups of coffee. When his 12 hour workday is over he drives his 1 hour commute and picks up some junk food for dinner along the way. It is now 11 p.m. He missed seeing his wife and young children as they have
been in bed for hours.
Exhausted he heads to bed, sleeps erratically, gnashing his teeth through the night. Morning arrives all too soon and he wakes up to do it all over again.
There"s no relief in sight, no time for himself, little time to see the kids, and his wife is beginning to look like a figment of his imagination. It’s no wonder that the divorce rate is now up to 62% in North America.
This sounds dramatic, but for many of us it has become our life. Whether we"re a farmer, a fisherman, or a banker — we"re stressed, burnt-out and overloaded; and the stress is killing us.
A recent survey reported that 51% of the population works 40-60 hours a week; and 12% work more than 60 hours a week.
There"s an epidemic of overwork these days and we"re paying the price for it. Stress is a "wear and tear" disease. Certain diseases have increased — Prostate Cancer in men, Breast Cancer in women, Type II Diabetes, and etc. Less dramatic, but more common symptoms are insomnia,
headaches, low back pain and digestive disorders.
Did you know that heart disease is the number 1 killer of Canadian men and women? The cost of treating heart disease is about $18 billion per year.
Child obesity is at an all time high and Health Canada reports that half of Canadians aged 5 to l7 are not active enough for optimal growth and development. That applies to the rest of the family too; in general Canadians don"t get enough physical activity to keep them mentally alert and to ward off certain physical and mental disorders. Outdoor physical activity also stimulates mental health because it encourages curiosity, problem-solving and creative thinking.
"There"s also something that boosts you psychologically when you"re in the great outdoors," says Dr. Michael Evans, head of patient education at the University of Toronto who bikes to work each day. "Walking, skiing and other outdoor physical activities are as good as anti-depressant drugs at treating moderate depression," he says.
So how much more evidence do we need that what many of us are doing just isn"t working anymore? We"re not Superman or Superwoman, we can"t just put a new battery in and keep on "going and going". Our lives are not a reality TV show.
"We"re living a martyr lifestyle. It"s time to re-assess where we are and where we need to be," says Lynda Miller, co-author of BY FORCE OR BY CHOICE, Managing Stress in the Workplace. "When my associates and I are delivering stress-management training, we can actually see and feel the high stress levels most of you are experiencing. It"s one of the reasons we called our company Overloaded Enterprises."
We seem to have lost our balance and our common-sense and our patience somewhere along the way. We"re getting to be a "selfish society"; losing some of our social graces; ethical and moral values being eroded on the way. In these days of global links and an ever increasing pace of life, we all feel that we have too much to do, and never have time to do it in.
Remember weekends? Weekends were invented for a reason — they are the week"s end. Time to sleep in, time to spend with family and friends, to reflect and rest. Please don"t e-mail me at 11 p.m. Saturday night or 4 a.m. Sunday morning. That"s my personal and family time. Human beings are not robots and we ARE NOT meant to work 24 hours a day.
We live on fast time, and technology greatly impacts our professional and personal lives. We have our e-mails, our pagers, cell phones, Blackberrys and I-Pods, yet we never seem to be caught up no matter how fast we work. When the target is in sight, they move it.
Technology, the economy, business and government are having a greater impact on our lives. Nothing stays the same anymore. We"ve lost our "security blanket" and our "safety nets." We"ve lost our "down time" and our "think time", and some of us are losing our sense of hope.
Our bodies, minds and spirits need food, sleep and exercise. Did you know that sleep deprivation is one of the major causes contributing to disease?
Everyone has physical, social, emotional and spiritual needs, only some of which can be met at work. "You can"t take back time while you"re busy. Life is not to be taken for granted; and if you do — you will pay a high price — your health and possibly your life!"
Will we work "smarter" not "harder"? Will we look at new processes, more equipment and hire staff when we"re at peak capacity? Will we focus on "quality" not just "quantity". Will we remember that $$$ is not necessarily success? Will we communicate, not just provide information? Will we allow all people in the workplace to make a difference; to learn and grow; to be innovative; to create better processes; and to contribute to something larger than themselves?
Will we foster brainstorming and best practices? Will we use good manners and common courtesy? Will we use experience, intuition and common-sense? Will we remember to have some fun along the way and make it better for others? Will we remember to spend more time with our family and friends?
We are all connected to each other. If we all try our best, we all contribute to a happier, healthier world. WE WORK TO LIVE, NOT LIVE TO WORK. Life is Not A Dress Rehearsal.
New Words
epidemic / epi"demik/ n. a sudden rapid increase in how often something bad happens 流行；蔓延； trip / trip/ v. (over) to catch your foot on something and fall or almost fall 绊；绊倒； tense / tens/ v. (muscles) become tight and stiff, especially because you are not relaxed 使拉紧，使紧绷； skip / skip/ v. not do something that you usually do or should do 略过，漏掉； commute / kə "mju:t/ n. the journey that a person makes when they go to work 通勤； exhausted / ig"zɔ :stid/ adj. very tired 筋疲力尽的； erratic / i"rætik/ adj；not happening at regular times 不稳定的；古怪的； gnash / næʃ / v. 咬牙； figment /"figmə nt/ n. something that somebody has imagined and that does not really exist 虚构的事物； dramatic / drə "mætik/ adj. exaggerated in order to create a special effect and attract people"s attention 戏剧性的；夸张的； burnt- - out / "bə :nt"aut/ adj. feeling as if you have done something for too long and need to have a rest 倦怠的，耗尽的； prostate / "prɔ steit/ adj. 前列腺的； diabetes / daiə "bi:ti:z/ n. 糖尿病； insomnia /in"sɔ mniə / n.
the condition of being unable to sleep 失眠症； obesity / ə u"bi:siti/ n. very fat, in a way that is not healthy 肥胖，肥胖症； optimal / "ɔ ptə mə l/ adj. the best possible; producing the best possible results 最佳的，最理想的； alert / ə "lə :t/ adj. able to think quickly; quick to notice things 机敏的，灵活的； ward / wɔ :d/ v. (off) to protect or defend yourself against danger, illness, attack, etc 避开，避免；
stimulate / "stimjuleit/ v. to make something develop or become more active; to encourage something 刺激；激励； boost / bu:st/ v. to make something increase, or become better or more successful 促进；提高； moderate / "mɔ də rit/ adj. that is neither very good, large, hot, etc. nor very bad, small, cold, etc 中度的；中等的； martyr / "mɑ:tə / a person who suffers very much or is killed because of their religious or political beliefs 烈士；殉难者； assess / ə "ses/ v. to make a judgement about the nature or quality of somebody/something 评估，估价； enterprise / "entə praiz/ n. a company or business 企业，事业； erode / i"rə ud/ v. to gradually destroy the surface of something through the action of wind, rain, etc; to be gradually destroyed in this way 腐蚀，侵蚀； reflect / ri"flekt/ v. to think carefully and deeply about something 反思，思考； deprivation /depri"veiʃ ə n/ n. the fact of not having something that you need, like enough food, money or a home 剥夺，损失； peak / pi:k/ adj. the point when somebody/something is best, most successful, strongest, etc. 高峰，最高点； capacity / kə "pæsiti/ n. the ability to understand or to do something 能力，才能； innovative / "inə uveitiv/ adj. introducing or using new ideas, ways of doing something, etc 创新的； foster / "fɔ stə / v. to encourage something to develop 培养，促进； courtesy / "kə :tisi/ n. polite behaviour that shows respect for other people 礼貌，殷勤； intuition / intju:"iʃ ə n/ n. the ability to know something by using your feelings rather than considering the facts 直觉，直观； rehearsal / ri"hə :sl/ n. an experience or event that helps to prepare you for something that is going to happen in the future 预演，排练；
Topics for Further Discussion 1. What kind of life do you dream to live? 2. Do you have some effective ways to release your stress? 3. How do you understand Quality Lifestyle?
C C omp rehension Check
I Choose the best answer for each of the following. 1. When Barry arrives at his workplace, he is ________.
A) tired
B) relaxed
C) satisfied
D) worried 2. Barry has to skip his lunch and dinner because he __________. A) has a mountain of work to do B) is in a bad mood C) has a stomach disease D) is busy with his personal problems
3. _______ is not the health problems caused by overstress. A) breast cancer in woman B) diabetes
C) flu D) digestive disorders 4. According to the passage, outdoor physical activity will stimulate mental health because it encourages __________. A) us to be improve our working skills B) us to work with our opponents C) us to sacrifice more to others D) curiosity, problem-solving and creative thinking
5. In these days of global links, we all feel __________.
A) we have realized our dreams
B) we are heading for a bright future C) we have too much to do D) we like this fast-pace of life
6. According to the passage, ________ is one of the major causes contributing to disease?
A) jealousy
B) dissatisfaction
C) forgetfulness
D) sleep deprivation 7. What is not a good way to deal with the job stress? A) We should keep a balance between daily work and personal life. B) We should remember that money is not necessarily success. C) We should communicate more effectively instead of giving more information. D) We should devote all our life time into working in order to achieve success.
Language Focus
Part I Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the words given in the box. Change the form if necessary. And you don’t have to use all of them. 1. A massage will relax those _________ muscles. 2. The __________ climbers were rescued by helicopter. 3. Lack of exercise contributes to _________ and health problems. 4. A picture can __________ one"s own imagination. 5. It" s difficult to __________ the impact of the President" s speech.
6. He __________ how difficult it would be to escape. 7. Their reasoning _________ must be developed. 8. We should deepen the reform of the educational system, encourage _________ approaches to Words to Remember tense
skip
exhausteddramatic
obesity
optimal
alert
ward
stimulate
boost
moderate
assess
erode
reflect
deprivation peak
capacity
innovative foster
courtesy
intuition
education. 9. Frequent cultural exchange will certainly help __________ friendly relations between our two universities. 10. He had an _________ that there was something wrong. Part II Cloze Choose the best word to complete the following passage. Marital Stress Perhaps half of the adults suffering from severe stress blame the relationships on their spouse. Looking at the ________(growing, decreasing) rate of divorces, physical abuses and single parents, it does seem as if _______(handling, ending) a relationship can be a tricky issue. The possible causes of stress can be _______(endless, limited), but some major factors are: • An unaffectionate spouse • Unforgiving attitude of a spouse • Handling of monetary affairs
• Lack of proper communication between spouses • Unable to find quality time for each other • Extramarital relationships • Dealing with in-laws More often than not, stress _______(arising, arose) from marital relationships is manifested（表明）
in chronic disorders such as depression, insomnia and hypertension（高血压）. Since a relationship depends on the nature of the persons _______(involving, involved), it helps to seek the middle path when the individual differences surface. It often helps to change one’s attitude, talk openly with your spouse about problems facing your relationship.
Most people believe it is important to handle stress in marital relationship at the ______ (peak, primary) level through proper communication. This can be done by letting others know the exact issue that is ________(bothering, bothered) you. In one word: " Honest communication is a great tool in family bonding and a quick problem _______ (solver, solving) that helps one view a problem from different perspectives."
Part III Translation
Put the following English passage into Chinese. Job stress can be defined as the harmful physical and emotional responses that occur when the requirements of the job do not match the capabilities, resources, or needs of the worker. Job stress can lead to poor health and even injury. The concept of job stress is often confused with challenge, but these concepts are not the same. Challenge energizes us psychologically and physically, and it motivates us to learn new skills and master our jobs. When a challenge is met, we feel relaxed and satisfied. Thus, challenge is an important ingredient for healthy and productive work. The importance of challenge in our work lives is probably what people are referring to when they say "a little bit of stress is good for you.
But when the challenge has turned into job demands that cannot be met, relaxation has turned to exhaustion, the sense of satisfaction has turned into feelings of stress. In short, the stage is set for
illness, injury, and job failure.
Lead- - in Activities
Discuss the following questions with your partner. 1. Do you view yourself as mentally and physically healthy?
2. What are the typical characteristics of mental health?
3. Do you know any person with mental disability? How is he/she treated in the society?
New Words diagnose/ "daiə gnə uz/ v. to say exactly what an illness or the cause of a problem is 诊断； cognitive /"kɔ gnitiv/ adj. connected with mental processes of understanding 认知的； resilience /ri"ziliə ns/ n. the ability of people to feel better quickly after something unpleasant, such as shock, injury, etc. 恢复力； infirmity / in"fə :miti/ n.
weakness or illness over a long period 体弱，虚弱； determinant / di"tə :minə nt/ n. a thing that decides whether or how something happens 决定因素 世界卫生组织给心理健康(mental health)下的定义为：“健康是一种身体上、精神上和社会适应上的完好状态，而不是没有疾病及虚弱现象。”从广义上讲，心理健康是指一种高效而满意的、持续的心理状态。从狭义上讲，心理健康是指人的基本心理活动的过程内容完整、协调一致，即认识、情感、意志、行为、人格完整和协调，能适应社会，与社会保持同步。
一个身心健康的个体能够适应发展着的环境，具有完善的个性特征；且其认知，情绪反应，意志行为处于积极状态，并能保持正常的调控能力。在生活实践中，能够正确认识自我，自觉控制自己，正确对待外界影响，使心理保持平衡协调，就已具备了心理健康的基本特征。
vulnerable / "vʌ lnə rə bl/ adj. weak and easily hurt physically or emotionally 脆弱的，易受伤的； exclusion / iks"klu:ʒ ə n/ n. the act of preventing somebody/something from taking part in something 排除，排斥； intervene /intə "vi:n/ v. to prevent something happening 干预，妨碍； empower /im"pauə / v. to give somebody the power or authority to do something 授权，许可 ； disseminate / di"semineit/ v. to spread information, knowledge, etc. so that it reaches many people 散播，宣传；
integrate / "intigreit/ v. to combine two or more things so that they work together 融合，使成一体； squander / "skwɔ ndə / v. to waste money, time, etc. in a stupid or careless way 浪费，挥霍；
Text B
M ental H H ealth : S treng thening O O ur R R esponse Mental health is more than the absence of mental illness. Even though many of us do not suffer from a diagnosed mental disorder, it is clear that some of us are mentally healthier than others.
Mental health describes either a level of cognitive or emotional well-being or an absence of a mental disorder. From perspectives of the discipline of positive psychology, mental health may include an individual"s ability to enjoy life and keep a balance between life activities and efforts to achieve psychological resilience.
The World Health Organization defines mental health as "a state of well-being in which the individual realizes his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to his or her community". Actually mental health is an integral and essential component of health. The WHO constitution states: "Mental Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity." In this sense, mental health is the foundation for individual well-being and the effective functioning of a community.
Determinants of M ental H H ealth Multiple social, psychological, and biological factors determine the level of mental health of a person at any point of time. For example, persistent socio-economic pressures are recognized risks to mental health for individuals and communities. The clearest evidence is associated with indicators of poverty, including low levels of education.
Poor mental health is also associated with rapid social change, stressful work conditions, gender discrimination, social exclusion, unhealthy lifestyle, risks of violence and physical ill-health and human rights violations.
There are also specific psychological and personality factors that make people vulnerable to mental disorders.
Strategies and I I nterventions Mental health promotion involves actions to create living conditions and environments that support mental health and allow people to adopt and maintain healthy lifestyles. These include a range of actions to increase the chances of more people experiencing better mental health.
A climate that respects and protects basic civil, political, socio-economic and cultural rights is fundamental to mental health promotion. Without the security and freedom provided by these rights, it is very difficult to maintain a high level of mental health.
National mental health policies should not be solely concerned with mental disorders, but should also recognize and address the broader issues which promote mental health. This includes mainstreaming mental health promotion into policies and programs in government and business sectors including education, labor, justice, transport, environment, housing, and welfare, as well as the health sector.
Promoting mental health depends largely on inter-sectoral strategies. Specific ways to promote mental health include:
early childhood interventions (e.g. home visits for pregnant women, pre-school psycho-social activities, combined nutritional and psycho-social help for disadvantaged populations);
support to children (e.g. skills building programs, child and youth development programs);
socio-economic empowerment of women (e.g. improving access to education);
social support for elderly populations (e.g. community and day centers for the aged);
programs targeted at vulnerable groups, including minorities, migrants and people affected by conflicts and disasters (e.g. psycho-social interventions after disasters);
mental health interventions at work (e.g. stress prevention programs);
violence prevention programs (e.g. community policing initiatives);
WHO R R esponse WHO supports governments in the goal of strengthening and promoting mental health. WHO has evaluated evidence for promoting mental health and is working with governments to disseminate this information and to integrate the effective strategies into policies and plans.
C C haracteristics of M ental H H ealth But as an individual, even though many of us don"t suffer from a diagnosable mental disorder, it is clear that some of us are mentally healthier than others. Here are a few ideas that have been put forward as characteristics of mental health: The ability to enjoy life - The ability to enjoy life is essential to good mental health. James Taylor wrote that "The secret of life is enjoying the passing of time. Any fool can do it. " The practice of mindfulness meditation is one way to cultivate the ability to enjoy the present. We, of course, need to plan for the future at times; and we also need to learn from the past. Too often we make ourselves miserable in the present by worrying about the future.
Resilience - The ability to bounce back from adversity has been referred to as "resilience." It has been long known that some people handle stress better than others. Why are some Vietnam combat veterans handicapped for life, while others become United States senators? Why do some adults raised in alcoholic families do well, while others have repeated problems in life? The characteristic of "resilience" is shared by those who cope well with stress. Balance - Balance in life seems to result in greater mental health. Life has its ups and downs. We all face different stressors, and we all react to them. We all need to balance time spent
socially with time spent alone, for example. Those who spend all of their time alone may get labeled as "loners," and they may lose many of their social skills. Extreme social isolation may even result in a split with reality. Those who ignore the need for some solitary times also risk such a split. Balancing these two needs seems to be the key - although we all balance these differently.
Flexibility - We all know people who hold very rigid opinions. No amount of discussion can change their views. Such people often set themselves up for added stress by the rigid expectations that they hold. Working on making our expectations more flexible can improve our mental health. Emotional flexibility may be just as important as cognitive flexibility. Mental healthy people experience a range of emotions and allow themselves to express these feelings. Some people shut off certain feelings, finding them to be unacceptable. This emotional rigidity may result in other mental health problems. Self-actualization - What have we made of the gifts that we have been given? We all know people who have surpassed their potential and others who seem to have squandered their gifts. We first need to recognize our gifts, of course, and the process of recognition is part of the path toward self-actualization. Mentally healthy persons are in the process of actualizing their potential. In order to do this we must first feel secure. These are just a few of the concepts that are important in attempting to define mental health. The ability to form healthy relationships with others is also important. Adult and adolescent mental health also includes the concepts of self-esteem and healthy sexuality. How we deal with loss and death is also an important element of mental health.
Topics for Further Discussion 1. How can mental health affect physical health? 2. What problems must be considered in determining whether a person has mental problems? 3. Do you have your own ways to improve your mental health? C C omprehension Check
Do the following statements agree with the information given in Text B? TRUE
If the statement agrees with the information FALSE
If the statement contradicts the information. NOT GIVEN If there is no information on this.
1. More than 450 million people suffer from mental disorders. Many more have mental problems.
2. Mental health is an integral part of health; indeed, there is no health without mental health.
3. Mental health is more than the absence of mental disorders.
4. The ability to enjoy life is fundamental to good mental health. 5. The term ‚resilience‛ means the ability to bounce back from adversity.
6. In order to keep mental health, we seem to need a balance between excitement and calm. 7. Some people shut off certain feelings, thus they win others’ respect.
8. If we may make our expectations more flexible, we will improve our mental health. 9. If we recognize our gifts, we will surpass our potential.
10. Mentally healthy people will have realistic concept of self-esteem.
Language Focus
Part I Vocabulary Comprehension
Complete the sentences with the help of given Chinese given in the brackets, pay attenti on to the form of each word. 1. Doctors use X-rays to study and ________ diseases and injuries within the body. 2. It’s been a terrible shock, but she has a great __________and will get over it soon.
3. The prime ________ of their success was not society or culture; it was management. 4. His ________ from the negotiations infuriated the union.
5. A person can only develop his potentials to the fullest and demonstrate creativity without unnecessary _________. 6. They use the press to _________right-wing views. 7. It’s rather difficult to ________former mental patients into society. 8. It"s a crime to ________ our country"s natural resources. 9. The new laws _______the police to search private house 10. Deafness and failing eyesight are among the ________of old age
Part II Cloze A. Try to fill in the blanks with the words from the text B.
Summary Mental healthy can be defined as ‚a state of well-being in which the individual realizes his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal (1) s_ _ _ _ _ _ _ of life, can work productively and (2) f_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _, and is able to make a (3) c_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ to his or her community‛ according to WHO (World Health Organization). It is not just the absence of mental illness. The level of mental health of a person could be determined by (4) m_ _ _ _ _ _ social, psychological, and biological factors. WHO has launched several actions to (5) i_ _ _ _ _ _ mental health of individual and communities as well. The promotion involves actions to create living (6) c_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ and environments that support mental health and allow people to adopt and maintain healthy (7) l_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. Though not many of us will suffer from a (8) d_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ mental disorder, some characteristics, such as the (9) a_ _ _ _ _ _to enjoy life, resilience, (10) f_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _, self-actualization and balance, will ensure that we enjoy a healthy mind.
B. Fill in each blank with any words you think fit.
World Mental Health Day Sunday, October tenth, is World Mental Health Day. This year"s observance centers on the (1) __________ between mental health and chronic physical conditions like diabetes and cancer. The World Health Organization says more than 450 million people (2) __________ from poor Words to Remember 1. diagnose
2. resilience
3. infirmity
4. determinant
5. exclusion 6. intervention
7. empower
8. disseminate
9. integrate
10. squander
mental health. The most common disorders are depression and schizophrenia（精神分裂症）. Mental health experts also include other disorders like drug and alcohol abuse that (3) __________ millions of people. Elena Berger is with the World Federation for Mental Health. That organization, based in the United States, held the first World Mental Health Day in 1992. Mrs. Berger says mental health problems are most (4) __________ in poor countries that lack the resources to deal with them.
ELENA BERGER: " The World Health Organization is highlighting mental health as a neglected issue. In developing countries, a huge number of people, up to 85 percent, don"t have (5) ________ to any form of mental health (6)＿＿＿＿＿＿. There are huge staffing needs. There are no (7) _________. And there"s a lot of stigma（侮辱）
in a lot of societies about being mentally ill." Worldwide, depression is the (8)＿＿＿＿＿ mental health problem, and a major cause of (9) __________. In 2002, the World Health Organization (10) __________ that more than one hundred fifty-four million people suffered from depression. Mrs. Berger says her organization and the WHO are pushing to have governments include mental health care in their development goals. She says this cou...
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